Update: I had ordered new vacuum lines and some Amazon solenoids. I figured I'd put them on and see if anything changed. Turns out, it wasn't Chinese turbos that had failed. It was Chinese solenoids. Unfortunately, the new solenoids won't hold boost either. On map 1, it's making 19-21 psi, which I know is rather dangerous. My exhaust is now working perfectly normal. I'm guessing the valve got stuck and the vacuum system wasn't strong enough to open it, since I had a vacuum leak. I'm going to put on my original solenoids, return the other ones, and order new ones from FCP.
TL;DR:
Turbos are fine, solenoids and vacuum lines were shot.